Overload Relay

How is a 3 stage over-burden wired for use in a solitary stage engine starter? 

Standard 3 stage warm over-burdens, for example, the LRD and LR2K are intended to identify a present unevenness in the 3 stage supply. As a consequence of this, if a solitary stage supply is wired with the end goal that line and impartial go through only 2 of the 3 components the over-burden can trip. 

To keep away from this issue when utilizing a standard over-burden with a solitary stage engine stack, the wiring through the over-burden must be organized so that every one of the three components are in the circuit. Practically speaking the contactor is likewise a portion of this wiring suggestion as the over-burden will as a rule be straightforwardly coupled to the contactor as demonstrated as follows;

Over-burden Relays

General

Surrounding adjusted - 20° to +60° C

Differential single staging security for three stage operation

Customizable bi-metallic components - no radiators

Exact industrial facility adjusted and tried

1NO and 1NC electrically confined caution contacts

Manual or programmed reset (field alterable)

3 Pole Overload Relay for 3 stage applications

2 Pole Overload Relay for 1 stage applications

UL Class 10 operation

High inactivity begin over-burdens accessible - call for points of interest

"Reset" catch - huge and simple to work

'Stop" catch - huge and simple to work

"Trip" marker demonstrates status of over-burden

Temperature Controller

As the name suggests, a temperature controller is an instrument used to control temperatures, predominantly without broad administrator contribution. A controller in a temperature control framework will acknowledge a temperature sensor, for example, a thermocouple or RTD as info and contrast the real temperature with the fancied control temperature, or setpoint. It will then give a yield to a control component.

A decent case would be an application where the controller takes a contribution from a temperature sensor and has a yield that is associated with a control component, for example, a radiator or fan. The controller is normally only one a player in a temperature control framework, and the entire framework ought to be dissected and considered in selecting the best possible controller

On/Off Control 

An on-off controller is the least difficult type of temperature control gadget. The yield from the gadget is either on or off, with no center state. An on-off controller will switch the yield just when the temperature crosses the setpoint. For warming control, the yield is on when the temperature is underneath the setpoint, and off above setpoint. Since the temperature crosses the setpoint to change the yield express, the procedure temperature will cycle persistently, going from underneath setpoint to above, and back beneath. In situations where this cycling happens quickly, and to forestall harm to contactors and valves, an on-off differential, or "hysteresis," is added to the controller operations. This differential requires that the temperature surpass setpoint by a specific sum before the yield will kill or on once more. On-off differential keeps the yield from "jabbering" or making quick, persistent switches if the cycling above and beneath the setpoint happens quickly. On-off control is normally utilized where an exact control is redundant, in frameworks which can't deal with having the vitality turned on and off much of the time, where the mass of the framework is great to the point that temperatures change to a great degree gradually, or for a temperature alert. One uncommon sort of on-off control utilized for alert is a point of confinement controller. This controller utilizes a locking hand-off, which must be physically reset, and is utilized to close down a procedure when a specific temperature is come to.

Relative Control 

Relative controls are intended to dispose of the cycling connected with on-off control. A relative controller diminishes the normal power provided to the radiator as the temperature approaches setpoint. This has the impact of backing off the warmer with the goal that it won't overshoot the setpoint, yet will approach the setpoint and keep up a steady temperature. This proportioning activity can be refined by killing the yield on and for brief time interims. This "time proportioning" shifts the proportion of "on" time to "off" time to control the temperature. The proportioning activity happens inside a "relative band" around the setpoint temperature. Outside this band, the controller capacities as an on-off unit, with the yield either completely on (underneath the band) or completely off (over the band). Be that as it may, inside the band, the yield is turned on and off in the proportion of the estimation distinction from the setpoint. At the setpoint (the midpoint of the relative band), the yield on:off proportion is 1:1; that is, the on-time and off-time are equivalent. in the event that the temperature is further from the setpoint, the on-and off-times shift in extent to the temperature contrast. In the event that the temperature is beneath setpoint, the yield will be on longer; if the temperature is too high, the yield will be off longer.

Undervoltage Relay

Electromechanical Relays
Basic parts and functions of electromechanical relays include:

1. Frame: Heavy-duty frame that contains and supports the parts of the relay.
2. Coil: Wire is wound around a metal core. The coil of wire causes an electromagnetic field.
3. Armature: A relays moving part. The armature opens and closes the contacts. An attached spring returns the armature to its original position.
4. Contacts: The conducting part of the switch that makes (closes) or breaks (opens) a circuit.

Relays involve two circuits: the energizing circuit and the contact circuit. The coil is on the energizing side; and the relays contacts are on the contact side. When a relays coil is energized, current flow through the coil creates a magnetic field. Whether in a DC unit where the polarity is fixed, or in an AC unit where the polarity changes 120 times per second, the basic function remains the same: the magnetic coil attracts a ferrous plate, which is part of the armature. One end of the armature is attached to the metal frame, which is formed so that the armature can pivot, while the other end opens and closes the contacts. Contacts come in a number of different configurations, depending on the number of Breaks, poles and Throws that make up the relay. For instance, relays might be described as Single-Pole, Single-Throw (SPST), or Double-Pole, Single-Throw (DPST). These terms will give an instant indication of the design and function of different types of relays.

Relay voltage

     Transfers are switches that open and close circuits electromechanically or electronically. Transfers control one electrical circuit by opening and shutting contacts in another circuit. As hand-off graphs appear, when a hand-off contact is regularly open (NO), there is an open contact when the hand-off is not empowered. At the point when a hand-off contact is Normally Closed (NC), there is a shut contact when the hand-off is not empowered. In either case, applying electrical current to the contacts will change their state.

Transfers are by and large used to switch littler streams in a control circuit and don't normally control devouring gadgets aside from little engines and Solenoids that draw low amps. In any case, transfers can "control" bigger voltages and amperes by having an opening up impact in light of the fact that a little voltage connected to a transfers loop can bring about a vast voltage being exchanged by the contacts.

Defensive transfers can avoid gear harm by identifying electrical anomalies, including overcurrent, undercurrent, over-burdens and invert streams. Likewise, transfers are additionally generally used to switch beginning loops, warming components, pilot lights and capable of being heard alerts.

Electromechanical Relays versus Solid State Relays

Transfers are either electromechanical transfers or strong state transfers. In electromechanical transfers (EMR), contacts are opened or shut by an attractive constrain. With strong state transfers (SSR), there are no contacts and exchanging is absolutely electronic. The choice to utilize electromechanical or strong state transfers relies on upon an application's electrical necessities, cost limitations and future. Albeit strong state transfers have turned out to be exceptionally prevalent, electromechanical transfers stay normal. Huge numbers of the capacities performed by substantial obligation gear require the exchanging abilities of electromechanical transfers. Strong State Relays switche the present utilizing non-moving electronic gadgets, for example, silicon controlled rectifiers.

These distinctions in the two sorts of transfers result in points of interest and inconveniences with every framework. Since strong state transfers don't need to either stimulate a loop or open contacts, less voltage is required to "turn" Solid State Relays on or off. So also, Solid State Relays turn on and kill quicker on the grounds that there are no physical parts to move. In spite of the fact that the nonattendance of contacts and moving parts implies that Solid State Relays are not subject to arcing and don't destroy, contacts on Electromechanical Relays can be supplanted, while whole Solid State Relays must be supplanted when any part gets to be flawed. On account of the development of Solid State Relays, there is lingering electrical resistance and additionally current spillage whether switches are open and shut. The little voltage drops that are made are not as a rule an issue; in any case, Electromechanical Relays give a cleaner ON or OFF condition due to the generally substantial separation between contacts, which goes about as a type of protection.

Contactor

An exchange is an electrically worked switch. Various exchanges use an electromagnet to mechanically work a switch, yet other working principles are furthermore used, for instance, solid state exchanges. Exchanges are used where it is critical to control a circuit by an alternate low-control hail, or where a couple circuits must be controlled by one banner. The primary exchanges were used as a piece of long partition communicate circuits as enhancers: they reiterated the banner coming in from one circuit and re-transmitted it on another circuit. Exchanges were used extensively as a piece of telephone exchanges and early PCs to perform true blue operations.

A kind of exchange that can manage the high power required to explicitly control an electric motor or distinctive weights is known as a contactor. Solid state exchanges control circuits with no moving parts, rather using a semiconductor contraption to perform trading. Exchanges with adjusted working properties and once in a while unique working twists are used to shield electrical circuits from over-weight or accuses; in cutting edge electric power structures these limits are performed by mechanized instruments still called "protective exchanges".

Appealing snaring exchanges require one beat of circle vitality to move their contacts in one heading, and another, redirected pulse to move them back. Repeated beats from a comparable information have no effect. Alluring snaring moves are profitable in applications where meddled with power should not have the ability to move the contacts.

 Appealing snaring exchanges can have either single or twofold circles. On a singular circle device, the move will work in one heading when power is associated with one furthest point, and will reset when the limit is pivoted. On a twofold twist device, when empowered voltage is associated with the reset circle the contacts will move. Aerating and cooling controlled alluring snare exchanges have single twists that use directing diodes to isolate among work and reset charges.

Essential arrangement and operation[edit]

Little "support" exchange every now and again used as a piece of contraptions. The "support" term implies the condition of the exchange's armature.

An essential electromagnetic hand-off contains a twist of wire wrapped around a sensitive iron focus, an iron weight which gives a low reluctancepath to alluring flux, a portable iron armature, and no less than one plans of contacts (there are two contacts in the hand-off envisioned). The armature is rotated to the weight and mechanically associated with no less than one courses of action of moving contacts. It is held set up by a spring so that when the hand-off is de-animated there is an air cleft in the appealing circuit. In this condition, one of the two game plans of contacts in the exchange imagined is closed, and the other set is open. Distinctive exchanges may have progressively or less courses of action of contacts depending upon their ability. The move in the photograph similarly has a wire partner the armature to the weight. This ensures congruity of the circuit between the moving contacts on the armature, and the circuit track on the printed circuit board (PCB) by method for the weight, which is secured to the PCB.

Exactly when an electric current is experienced the twist it makes an appealing field that authorizes the armature, and the resulting advancement of the flexible contact(s) either speaks to the choosing minute (dependent upon improvement) a relationship with a settled contact. In case the course of action of contacts was closed when the hand-off was de-enabled, then the advancement opens the contacts and breaks the affiliation, and the a different way contacts were open. Right when the current to the twist is traded off, the armature is returned by a propel, around half as strong as the appealing drive, to its easygoing position. By and large this drive is given by a spring, however gravity is in like manner used for the most part as a piece of cutting edge motor starters. Most exchanges are created to work quickly. In a low-voltage application this reductions hullabaloo; in a high voltage or current application it decreases arcing.

 Contactors are helpful in business and mechanical applications, especially to control extensive lighting burdens and engines. One of their trademarks is unwavering quality. Notwithstanding, similar to whatever other gadget, they are not trustworthy. Much of the time, the contactor does not just destroy from typical utilize. Ordinarily, the explanation behind contactor disappointment is misapplication. That is the reason you have to comprehend the nuts and bolts of contactors.

When somebody utilizes a lighting contactor as a part of an engine application, that is a misapplication. The same is genuine when somebody utilizes an "ordinary operation" engine contactor for engine running obligation. Contactors have particular plans for particular purposes.

While selecting contactors, you'll utilize one of two regular models: NEMA or IEC. Both match a contactor with the employment it needs to do, however they do as such in various ways.

The NEMA determination handle dependably brings about a decision of a contactor you can use over an expansive scope of working conditions. For instance, you could utilize a NEMA Size 5 contactor to run a 50-hp engine working at 230V or a 200-hp engine at 460V.

Relay

 A transfer is an electrically worked switch. Numerous transfers utilize an electromagnet to mechanically work a switch, yet other working standards are additionally utilized, for example, strong state transfers. Transfers are utilized where it is important to control a circuit by a different low-control flag, or where a few circuits must be controlled by one flag. The main transfers were utilized as a part of long separation broadcast circuits as enhancers: they rehashed the flag rolling in from one circuit and re-transmitted it on another circuit. Transfers were utilized broadly as a part of phone trades and early PCs to perform legitimate operations.

 A sort of transfer that can deal with the high power required to specifically control an electric engine or different burdens is known as a contactor. Strong state transfers control circuits with no moving parts, rather utilizing a semiconductor gadget to perform exchanging. Transfers with aligned working attributes and now and again different working curls are utilized to shield electrical circuits from over-burden or blames; in advanced electric power frameworks these capacities are performed by computerized instruments still called "defensive transfers".

Attractive hooking transfers require one beat of loop energy to move their contacts in one heading, and another, diverted heartbeat to move them back. Rehashed beats from a similar info have no impact. Attractive hooking transfers are valuable in applications where interfered with power ought not have the capacity to move the contacts.

Attractive hooking transfers can have either single or double loops. On a solitary loop gadget, the transfer will work in one heading when power is connected with one extremity, and will reset when the extremity is turned around. On a double curl gadget, when energized voltage is connected to the reset loop the contacts will move. Air conditioning controlled attractive hook transfers have single curls that utilize guiding diodes to separate amongst work and reset charges.

Fundamental plan and operation[edit]

Little "support" transfer frequently utilized as a part of gadgets. The "support" term alludes to the state of the transfer's armature.

A basic electromagnetic hand-off comprises of a curl of wire wrapped around a delicate iron center, an iron burden which gives a low reluctancepath to attractive flux, a mobile iron armature, and at least one arrangements of contacts (there are two contacts in the hand-off imagined). The armature is pivoted to the burden and mechanically connected to at least one arrangements of moving contacts. It is held set up by a spring so that when the hand-off is de-invigorated there is an air crevice in the attractive circuit. In this condition, one of the two arrangements of contacts in the transfer envisioned is shut, and the other set is open. Different transfers may have increasingly or less arrangements of contacts relying upon their capacity. The transfer in the photo likewise has a wire associating the armature to the burden. This guarantees congruity of the circuit between the moving contacts on the armature, and the circuit track on the printed circuit board (PCB) by means of the burden, which is fastened to the PCB.

At the point when an electric current is gone through the curl it creates an attractive field that enacts the armature, and the ensuing development of the versatile contact(s) either represents the deciding moment (contingent on development) an association with a settled contact. On the off chance that the arrangement of contacts was shut when the hand-off was de-empowered, then the development opens the contacts and breaks the association, and the other way around if the contacts were open. At the point when the current to the curl is exchanged off, the armature is returned by a compel, around half as solid as the attractive drive, to its casual position. Generally this drive is given by a spring, however gravity is likewise utilized usually as a part of modern engine starters. Most transfers are produced to work rapidly. In a low-voltage application this decreases commotion; in a high voltage or current application it diminishes arcing. 

At the point when the loop is invigorated with direct present, a diode is regularly set over the curl to scatter the vitality from the giving way attractive field at deactivation, which would somehow or another create a voltage spike risky to semiconductor circuit parts. Such diodes were not generally utilized before the use of transistors as hand-off drivers, however soon got to be omnipresent as early germanium transistors were effectively annihilated by this surge. Some car transfers incorporate a diode inside the hand-off case.

In the event that the transfer is driving a substantial, or particularly a responsive load, there might be a comparative issue of surge streams around the hand-off yield contacts. For this situation a snubber circuit (a capacitor and resistor in arrangement) over the contacts may retain the surge. Reasonably evaluated capacitors and the related resistor are sold as a solitary bundled segment for this ordinary utilize.

On the off chance that the loop is intended to be empowered with exchanging current (AC), some strategy is utilized to part the flux into two out-of-stage segments which include, expanding the base draw on the armature amid the AC cycle. Regularly this is finished with a little copper "shading ring" pleated around a bit of the center that makes the deferred, out-of-stage component,[9] which holds the contacts amid the zero intersections of the control voltage.

The process of timer relay

Function	Operation	Timing Chart
ON DELAY Delay on Make Delay on Operate	Upon application of input voltage, the time delay (t) begins. At the end of the time delay (t), the output is energized. Input voltage must be removed to reset the time delay relay & de-energize the output.
INTERVAL ON Interval	Upon application of input voltage, the output is energized and the time delay (t) begins. At the end of the time delay (t), the output is de-energized. Input voltage must be removed to reset the time delay relay.
OFF DELAY Delay on Release Delay on Break Delay on De-Energization	Upon application of input voltage, the time delay relay is ready to accept a trigger. When the trigger is applied, the output is energized. Upon removal of the trigger, the time delay (t) begins. At the end of the time delay (t), the output is de-energized. Any application of the trigger during the time delay will reset the time delay (t) and the output remains energized.
SINGLE SHOT One Shot Momentary Interval	Upon application of input voltage, the time delay relay is ready to accept a trigger. When the trigger is applied, the output is energized and the time delay (t) begins. During the time delay (t), the trigger is ignored. At the end of the time delay (t), the output is de-energized and the time delay relay is ready to accept another trigger.
FLASHER (Off First)	Upon application of input voltage, the time delay (t) begins. At the end of the time delay (t), the output is energized and remains in that condition for the time delay (t). At the end of the time delay (t), the output is de-energized and the sequence repeats until input voltage is removed.
FLASHER (On First)	Upon application of input voltage, the output is energized and the time delay (t) begins. At the end of the time delay (t), the output is de-energized and remains in that condition for the time delay (t). At the end of the time delay (t), the output is energized and the sequence repeats until input voltage is removed.
ON/OFF DELAY	Upon application of input voltage, the time delay relay is ready to accept a trigger. When the trigger is applied, the time delay (t1) begins. At the end of the time delay (t1), the output is energized. When the trigger is removed, the output contacts remain energized for the time delay (t2). At the end of the time delay (t2), the output is de-energized & the time delay relay is ready to accept another trigger. If the trigger is removed during time delay period (t1), the output will remain de-energized and time delay (t1) will reset. If the trigger is re-applied during time delay period (t2), the output will remain energized and the time delay (t2) will reset.
SINGLE SHOT FALLING EDGE	Upon application of input voltage, the time delay relay is ready to accept a trigger. When the trigger is applied, the output remains de-energized. Upon removal of the trigger, the output is energized and the time delay (t) begins. At the end of the time delay (t), the output is de-energized unless the trigger is removed and re-applied prior to time out (before time delay (t) elapses). Continuous cycling of the trigger at a rate faster than the time delay (t) will cause the output to remain energized indefinitely.
WATCHDOG Retriggerable Single Shot	Upon application of input voltage, the time delay relay is ready to accept a trigger. When the trigger is applied, the output is energized and the time delay (t) begins. At the end of the time delay (t), the output is de-energized unless the trigger is removed and re-applied prior to time out (before time delay (t) elapses). Continuous cycling of the trigger at a rate faster than the time delay (t) will cause the output to remain energized indefinitely.
TRIGGERED ON DELAY	Upon application of input voltage, the time delay relay is ready to accept a trigger. When the trigger is applied, the time delay (t) begins. At the end of the time delay (t), the output is energized and remains in that condition as long as either the trigger is applied or the input voltage remains. If the trigger is removed during the time delay (t), the output remains de-energized & the time delay (t) is reset.
REPEAT CYCLE (OFF 1st)	Upon application of input voltage, the time delay (t1) begins. At the end of the time delay (t1), the output is energized and remains in that condition for the time delay (t2). At the end of this time delay, the output is de-energized and the sequence repeats until input voltage is removed.
REPEAT CYCLE (ON 1st)	Upon application of input voltage, the output is energized and the time delay (t1) begins. At the end of the time delay (t1), the output is de-energized and remains in that condition for the time delay (t2). At the end of this time delay, the output is energized and the sequence repeats until input voltage is removed.
DELAYED INTERVAL Single Cycle	Upon application of input voltage, the time delay (t1) begins. At the end of the time delay (t1), the output is energized and remains in that condition for the time delay (t2). At the end of this time delay (t2), the output is de-energized. Input voltage must be removed to reset the time delay relay.
TRIGGERED DELAYED INTERVAL Single Cycle	Upon application of input voltage, the time delay relay is ready to accept a trigger. When the trigger is applied, the time delay (t1) begins. At the end of the time delay (t1), the output is energized and remains in that condition for the time delay (t2). At the end of the time delay (t2), the output is de-energized & the relay is ready to accept another trigger. During both time delay (t1) & time delay (t2), the trigger is ignored.
TRUE OFF DELAY	Upon application of input voltage, the output is energized. When the input voltage is removed, the time delay (t) begins. At the end of the time delay (t), the output is de-energized. Input voltage must be applied for a minimum of 0.5 seconds to assure proper operation. Any application of the input voltage during the time delay (t) will reset the time delay. No external trigger is required.
ON DELAY/ TRUE OFF DELAY	Upon application of input voltage, the time delay (t1) begins. At the end of the time delay (t1), the output is energized. When the input voltage is removed, the output remains energized for the time delay (t2). At the end of the time delay (t2), the output is de-energized. Input voltage must be applied for a minimum of 0.5 seconds to assure proper operation. Any application of the input voltage during the time delay (t2) will keep the output energized & reset the time delay (t2). No external trigger is required.
SINGLE SHOT-FLASHER	Upon application of input voltage, the time delay relay is ready to accept a trigger. When the trigger is applied, the time delay (t1) begins and the output is energized for the time delay (t2). At the end of this time delay (t2), the output is de-energized and remains in that condition for the time delay (t2). At the end of the time delay (t2), the output is energized and the sequence repeats until time delay (t1) is completed. During the time delay (t1), the trigger is ignored.
ON DELAY-FLASHER	Upon application of input voltage, the time delay begins (t1). At the end of the time delay (t1), the output is energized and remains in that condition for the time delay (t2). At the end of this time delay (t2), the output is de-energized and remains in that condition for the time delay (t2). At the end of the time delay (t2), the output is energized and the sequence repeats until input voltage is removed.
PERCENTAGE	Upon initial application of input voltage, the output is energized and time delay (t1) begins. Time Delay (t1) is adjustable as a percentage of the overall cycle time (t2). At the end of time delay (t1), the output is de-energized for the remainder of overall cycle (t2-t1). The sequence then repeats until input voltage is removed. If input voltage is removed and reapplied, the timing cycle will continue from where it left off when the input voltage was removed. A setting of 100% energizes the output continuously while a setting of 0% de-energizes the output continuously.
PERCENTAGE (NO MEMORY)	Upon initial application of input voltage, the output is energized and time delay (t1) begins. Time Delay (t1) is adjustable as a percentage if the overall cycle time (t2). At the end of time delay (t1), the output is de-energized for the remainder of overall cycle (t2-t1). The sequence then repeats until input voltage is removed. If input voltage is removed and reapplied, the timing cycle will be reset. A setting of 100% energizes the output continuously while a setting of 0% de-energizes the output continuously.

Timer Relay

     

Depiction :

It's utilizing for Relay Time to fire up and On/Off. Auto ATS, Capacitor and Control Phases are requiring it to interface with.Need your actuator or DC engine to naturally keep running forward and backward on a set time ? at that point this clock hand-off is for you. It will run your actuator or dc engine for whatever length of time that you need, stop for whatever length of time that you need then invert heading for you for whatever length of time that you need. Easy to utilize and set up, accompanies a speedy interface attachment to make it simple.

Issue:

What is the distinction between On Delay, Off Delay, Single Shot, Interval On and all these other time postpone capacities?

Arrangement/Resolution:

Understanding the contrasts between every one of the capacities accessible in time postpone transfers can at times be an overwhelming errand. At the point when outlining circuits utilizing time delay transfers, inquiries, for example, what starts a period defer hand-off, does the planning begin with the application or arrival of voltage, when is the yield hand-off stimulated, and so forth., must be inquired.

Time defer transfers are essentially control transfers with a period postpone worked in. Their motivation is to control an occasion in light of time. The distinction amongst transfers and time postpone transfers is the point at which the yield contacts open and close: on a control hand-off, it happens when voltage is connected and expelled from the loop; on time delay transfers, the contacts can open or close before or after some time delay.

Regularly, time defer transfers are started or activated by one of two techniques:

• use of info voltage

• opening or shutting of a trigger flag

These trigger signs can be one of two plans:

• a control switch (dry contact), i.e., restrain switch, push catch, coast switch, and so forth.

• voltage (normally known as a power trigger)

Alert: at whatever time postpone transfer that is intended to be started with a dry contact control switch trigger could be harmed if voltage is connected to the trigger switch terminals. Just items that have a "power trigger" ought to be utilized with voltage as the trigger.

To see, a few definitions are imperative:

• Input Voltage-control voltage connected to the info terminals. Contingent upon the capacity, input voltage will either start the unit or make it prepared to start when a trigger is connected.

• Trigger Signal-on certain planning capacities, a trigger is utilized to start the unit after information voltage has been connected. As noted over, this trigger can either be a control switch (dry contact switch) or a power trigger (voltage).

• Output (Load)- each time defer transfer has a yield (either mechanical hand-off or strong express) that will open and near control the heap. Take note of that the client must give the voltage to control the heap being exchanged by the yield contacts of the time defer transfer.

 The following are both composed and visual portrayals on how the basic planning capacities work. A Timing Chart demonstrates the relationship between Input Voltage, Trigger (if present) and Output.